At that moment when the task seems impossible,
Brace for the refreshing wind of change
This is learning
-Shawn Parker
Go to '1450-1750 The Shrinking globe' link
For each of the six 'Questions of Periodization' find an two examples of the idea expressed. C'mon it only sounds hard.
Put the examples in a comment. As you peruse the sight I am also interested in your opinion of the web site.
Thursday, January 20, 2011
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31 comments:
i think that the historical facts that allowed us to see the transition from the western hemisphere to the western, really innovated some of the foundations of our society today :)
1) The globe was encompassed-
Magellan circling the globe
Columbus' finding of the Americas
2) Sea-based trade rose in proportion to land-based trade -
Europe's first trade cities Venice and Genoa which made their fortune off sea-based trade.
Portuguese domination of the Indian Ocean Trade Route in the 16th century.
The Colombian Exchange.
3) European kingdoms emerged that gained world power -
Cortes defeating Tenochtitlan.
Pizarro defeating the Inca.
4) The relative power of nomadic groups declined -
The rise of the Ottoman Empire.
The Safavid Empire.
5) Labor systems were transformed -
Slavery in the Atlantic
Serfdom in Russia
6) "Gunpowder Empires" emerged in the Middle East and Asia -
Ottomans Conquering Constantinople.
Safavids
Mughals
I think that the website is nice because its sums everything about this unit up.
1. The globe was encompassed by Ferdinand Magellan and Prine Henry the Navigator.
2. Examples of sea based trade would be the African Slave Trade and the decline of trade Silk Road during the Ming ane early Qing empires due to European control of sea trade.
3. During the 16th century the Hasburg family helped Spain to gain power and wealth. Also, the
Portuguese gained power because of Henry the Navigator, and his developments in navigation.
4. Nomadic groups were subjugated by the invention of gunpowder. The Ottomans and the Mongols both started as nomadic and became sedentary continuing to overtake other nomadic groups.
5. Labor systems in North and South America changed by the use of slaves acquired from the African Slave Trade. The forcing of natives to work for the colonists also changed the labor systems.
6. The use of gunpowder in the Mughal, Safavid and Ottoman empires caused them to gain immense power and become gunpowder empires.
1.Zenghe and his voyages and Magellan and his fleets voyages.
2.Europes advancement in ship building of the deep drafts and round hulls were smaller than chinese junks but could trave the atlantic unlike the junks.The sea based empires of europe driven by competition such as spain began gaining power as opposed to the gunpowder empires of asia such as the Ottomans who began to lose power.
3.Spain and its conquest of the americas. the kingdom of Russia and its challenge to the Ottomans and vast expansions.
4. The Russian empire and the expulsion of the mongols. The the transition from a nomadic to a stationary civilization and increase in power of the Ottomans.
5.The embrace of serfdom in the Russian empire.The atlantic slave trade.
6.The rise of the Ottomans,Safavids,Mughal. The Ming and Russian empires.
1. two examples of the world being emcompassed between 1450 and 1750 are Magellan and columbus . although magellan died on his trip he still went around much of the world. columus sailed from spain to the americas and back safelyt and helped to bring people to the americas that werent already there with this accideental exploration.
2.the europeans and the portugese show how over sea trade became more popular than over land trade. the europeans had convenient placing of their main trading cities Venice and Genoa making iteasier to send their goods over sea while the Portugese controlled the Indian Ocean Trade.
3. the spanish and the portugese are both examples of european kingdoms gaining world power. both gained a lot of land in the americas and were able to conrtrol both the american colonies and the nations and states of spain or potugal.
4.two examples of nomadic groups that declined because of advances are the Mongols and the Ottoman.Both started out nomadic and became sedentary then took over other nomadic groups with gunpowder that had threatened the government.
5. two transformed labor systems were in the americas and in europe. the americas gained the labor system of mita where you had to donate a seventh of your men tofight. the europeans started a massive slave trade so that they would get cheaper labor.
6. the gumpowder empires were the Safavid, Mughal, and the Ottomans. they were considered gunpowder empires because of their use of gunpowder, because they were multiethnic and multilingual, and because they were landbased.
1) The globe was encompassed - Ferdinand Magellan was the first man accredited to sail around the world
- Christopher Columbus was another man his trip wassponor4eed by queen Isabella and king Ferdinand,he originally wanted to find alternate trade to India.he attempted to sail around the world, but ended up in the "new world"(also known as the Americas)thus expanding the knowledge of the world farther west.
2) Sea-based trade rose in proportion to land-based trade
- the Columbian exchange that was a trade route. this trade rout started with the Europeans going to Africa to get slave=s to bring to the Americas. these slaves would cultivate a number of products and they would then be shipped to Europe to be sold at high expense. the flow of products was: * Europe to the Americas - horses, cows, pigs, wheat, barley, sugar cane, melons, grapes
* Africa (includes Asian products) to the Americas - bananas, coconut palms, coffee, sugar cane, goats, chickens
* The Americas to Europe and Africa - corn, potatoes, tomatoes, sweet potatoes, pumpkins, squash, beans, pineapples, peppers, tobacco, chocolate. while this improved there diet the more interactions with people increased disease also
3) European kingdoms emerged that gained world power -
the major expanse of Russia was a European power because the king peter the great wanted to make Russia European and would often incorporate European influences in his empire.
Portugal was a kingdom of world power because they controlled most of the Indian trade this gave them access and allowed them to exert influences on that area
4) The relative power of nomadic groups declined-
the mongols was a nomadic empire because they expanded immensely. but when they tried to expand into Russia they were beat causing them to retreat and decline in their empire size.
another was the expansion of the ottoman because they defied the European people and expanded greatly into their territory taking Constantinople
5) Labor systems were transformed
-slavery oin the plantations in south america
where in europe they used serfdom
6)Gunpowder Empires" emerged in the Middle East and Asia
Ottomans conquered many areas when they finally took Constantinople t allowed expansion even further.
another gunpowder expanse is the Russians as the would give people land grants in Siberia to colonize which thus expanded their empire
1. One example of the world being encompassed was Ferdinand Magellen between 1519 and 1522, he was creditted with being the first person to sail around the world. Another example was Christopher Columbus, who sailed to the West Indies and began the exploitation of the Americas.
2. One example of sea trade being used more then land trade was the Europeans with the Americas and Africa, creating the triangle trade (the Columbian Exchange/the Great Circuit), which traded people, disease, raw materials, ideas, and luxury goods. Another example was the Dutch stock exchange and the building of joint stock companies, companies where various wealthy people joined forces to invest in trading vessels (ships) and their costs, with examples like the Royal Africa Company and Dutch East Indies Company.
3. An example of Europeans emerging as the world power is when the Spanish and Portugese founded colonies in the Americas, got ahold of their resourses, controlled trade and became much wealthier. Another example of the Europeans becoming a world power was the fact that Russia, a growing and expanding empire, began to westernize their government and noblemen (in the 17th and 18th century) because the rulers felt/knew that the Europeans way of life was superior to others and they wanted to further their empire's success by behaving like the European and defying the Ottoman rule.
4. An example of nomadic grorps losing power and declining was that the Ottomans were able to take over the nomadic groups that had previously challenged them, with the help of gunpowder. The mongols had previously been nomadic peoples, but then bacame sedentary and their power was weakened by the Russians (also a gunpowder empire) in the 17th and 18th centuries.
5. An example of a transformed labour system was from endentured servants to African slavery in the Americas. Another example was in the Russian empire, when serfdom was transformed into much harsher serfdom that later became slavery.
6.There were three, but i consider four, gunpowder empires that emerged in the middle east and asia: the Ottomans, the Safavids, the Mughal, and the Russians.These empires were all considered gunpowder empires because they used gunpodwer, were multi-ethnic, multi-linguistic, and land based empires. The ottomans formed in present day turkey, the safavid in present day Iran, the mughal in india, and the russian in russia.
1.Magellan sailed around the world, and the Columbian exchange, which brought a huge amount of trading goods that changed the diet of people around the world.
2.The great circuit, and the different trading companies like the dutch east india company showed that oversea trade was becoming more important.
3.Spain gained power from the Habsburg family and Portugal gained power because of Henry the navigator.
4.The ottomans and Safavids were nomadic but then settled/took over other areas and created huge gunpowder empires.
5. Serfdom in Russia and the Atlantic Slave trade transformed Labor systems.
6.Russia, The Ottoman, Safavid, and the Mughals were the Gunpowder empires because they all had huge armies and developed independently and conquered areas around them. They are classified as Gunpowder empires because they built their poer on the use of Gunpowder.
1)The globe was encompassed.
- Ferdinand Magellan became the first person to circumnavigate the world between the years 1519-1522.
- Christopher Columbus became the first person to discover the Americas when he sailed to the West Indies in 1492.
2) Sea based trade proportioned to land based trade.
- The Columbian Exchange (between the Americas, Europe, and Africa) allowed food, disease, raw materials, ideas, peoples and other goods to flow across the world.
- As sea powers grew, joint stock companies began to be formed (such as the Royal African Company and East India Company)which were funded by private investors instead of the state; for a time allowing these companies to maonopilize trade (i.e. the Portugese in the Indian Ocean).
3) Europeans emerged that gained world power.
- In 16th century South America, Portugal faded as a strong power and the Spain took their place as a dominant power in South America. They not only conquered Amerindian civilizations like the Maya in 1519, but also took advantage of silver mines in Ptolsi.
- For most of the 16th century, the Portugese dominated trade and monopolized trade in the Indian Ocean. With superior technology, they took over the trade routes that were previoulsy controlld by Persians, Arabs, and South East Asians.
4) Relative power of the nomadic groups decline.
- Gunpowder Empires such as the Ottomans conquered nomadic groups that previously challengd them with their superior tech (i.e. gunpowder).
- The Mongols began as a nomadic groups but grew into a sendentary Empire and were eventually weakened by the Russians in
5) Labor Systems
- In South America the Portugese and Spanish adopted and modified the Amerindian labor systems of encomienda and the mi'ta; mainly using forced labor on the natives.
- In the Americas, the practice of indentured servitude was changed to slavery because slaves cost less in the long run.
6) Gunpowder Empires emerged in the Middle East and Asia.
- In modern day Iran, the Safavid Empire arose and established itself as a seperate entity by practicing Shi'ite Islam; thereby seperating itself from its Sunni counterparts.
- From the Grand Duchee of Moscow, Russia arose and became a great power by conqering lands in Siberia, Asia, and some parts of Europe.
(The characteristicas that seperate these Gunpowder Empires is being land based, multilingual, among multi ethnic.)
1) The world was encompassed by (1)Ferdinand Magellan between 1519 and 1522, and (2)Prince Henry the Navigator started a school for navigation and trained the future explorers of the world in navigation.
2) During the Ming empire, China had mostly land based trade interactions (during their issues with the Mongols), and at the start of the Qing Empire the empire opened their sea ports (like Guangzhou) to foreign european trade (spain, Netherlands, Portugal), which became the main source of trade as opposed to their old, well used land-trade based routes like the Silk road. Also, Europeans had a hard time basing their trade from land, because it was impractical with the far distances and harsh terrains they had to overcome to reach their trade destinations. Instead, they turned to water transportation to make their fortunes.
3) Henry the Navigator influenced Portugal's rise in power by his navigation school and many explorers accumulating wealth for Portugal by exploring Africa and India. They gained control of Indian Ocean trade, and gained influence in many cultures around central Asia as well as Europe. Also, the Habsburg family in the 1600's gained control of Spain and increased their wealth and power.
4) The Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires all incorporated the culture of Turkic nomadic groups of their origin. However, when they gained power, the existing nomadic groups lost influence and were beaten by the conquests of the Gunpowder Empires. Also, the Mongols (originally nomadic groups that turned into a massive empire) lost power to Russia, Ming China, and also from european groups in the west.
5) In the Americas, Africans being imported for slavery use changed the labor systems from using the Natives and forcing them to do labor, to purchasing slaves for the same purposes but with more advantages. Also, in North America, indentured servitude was put into use when europeans who wanted passage to America couldn't afford it, so they exchanged labor for a set number of years to the patron who sponsors their passage to America.
6) In southwest Asia, the Ottomans and Safavid rose to power with their use of gunpowder (cannons) to overcome the areas they wanted to overtake. Also, in Asia, the Mughals in India were very similar to the Safavid and Ottomans, with a few differences in the way they went about business, but still used gunpowder to create a large empire.
1.)Magellen sailed the world and the Columbian Exchange were both proof of the gloab being encompassed. This brought change to diets all over the world.
2.)Both the East Indian Trading Company and the Dutch East India Tading Company were some of the most significant trading systems in the world at this time.
3.)Spain gianed power because of the Habsburg Family and Portugal gained power because of Henery the navigator.
4.)the Ottomans and the Safavids started as nomads then settled and created huge Gunpowder Empires.
5.)Seftom in Russia and the Atlantic Slave Trade transformed labor systems.
6.)Safavids, Ottomans, and Mughals were the gunpowder empires becausa all these empires developed with the help of gunpowder and did it independently. they also conquered the land around them.
Millie
The globe was encompassed- 1)The voyage of Fernidad Megellan who travelled from Europe to the tip of Southern America and discovered the islands off of Asia. He found the Strait of Magellan which connected the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. 2)ZengHe also encompassed some of the world for China when he made his famous voyage to India.
Sea-based trade rose in proportion to land-based trade- 1)The Columbian Exchange was a mass and arrays of sea routes that connected four continents. It was finacially and politically more advanced the land-based trade. 2)The Maritime Systems also indulged in wealth and power the greatly exceeded land based trades that could not reach very far.
European kingdoms emerged that gained world power- 1) Spain gained world power and wealth as the Habsburg Family ruled many lands in Europe. Spain also became increasingly powerful as it moved resources from its colonies in South America such as gold. 2) England became a power house and world power as the colonies in America gave them much wealth from luxury items such as silver. They expanded their power later to China and eventually controlled a large trade monopoly.
The relative power of nomadic groups declined- 1)The nomadic group of the Mongols began to decline as European countires began aggresively competing with eachother for land and wealth. 2)The Uyghur Empire (Turkish Empire) began to decline when other Turkish Empires started to fight with it.
Labor systems were transformed- 1)Mita in the Inca tribes was a succesful system of labor that lasted until the Spanish arrived. 2)The Encomienda labor system put the Spanish in charge of the natives and was usually for agricultural work.
"Gunpowder Empires" emerged in the Middle East and Asia- 1)The Ottoman Empire took control of Constantinople and became a very powerful empire. 2) The Mughal Empire became began to rise in power and land as it infulenced imperialistic rule.
1) Magellan sailed around the world, and the Columbian exchange, with it came a large amount of new trade which changed the diets and work habits around the world.
2) The great cirtuit, and the different trading compianies such as the Dutch East India company showed that oversea trade was becoming more important.
3) Spain gained power from the Habsburg family and portugal gained power because of Henery the navigator.
4) The Ottomans and the Safavids started nomadic then settled and created huge gunpowder empires.
5) Serftom in Russia and the Atlantic slave trade transformed Labor saystems.
6) Russia, the Ottomans, Safavids and the Mughals were the gunpowder empires because they all had huge armies, developed indepently, and conqured land around them. They are concideered gunpowder empires because they were land based emipers who built their power on the use of gunpowder.
1. The globe was encompassed: Magellan’s expedition; Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch contact with India, Japan, the Philippines, and other Southeast Asian areas
2. Sea-based trade rose in proportion to land-based trade: Shift from the Silk Road to the Indian Ocean; coastal countries like Portugal gained power
3. European kingdoms emerged that gained world power: Portugal, the Netherlands, and Spain gained power; the Americas were colonized by European countries.
4. The relative power of nomadic groups declined: The rise of the Ottoman Empire with the change from nomadic to settled;
5. Labor systems were transformed: Slavery became important in the Americas; Janissaries grew in the Ottoman Empire
6. “Gunpowder Empires” emerged in the Middle East and Asia: Ottoman, Safavid, Russian, Ming, and Mughal Empires; the domination of Asia by empires
-Andrew I.
1)The globe encompassed
•1522 Magellan circling the world(Earth)
•Culumbus and the discovery of the Americas
2)Sea based trade rose in proportion to land-based trade
• Silk road(increased trade by Mongols Protecting trade)
•Trans-Saharan Trade Route
•The Indian Ocen trade(Portuguese domination 16th cen..)
3) Eropean Kingdoms emerged that gained world power
•Russian Empire- Ivan expanded - Peter the Great
•England- (Major ship building indestry)
4)The relative power of nomadic groups declined
•Mongol Empire (lost power as they expanded)
•Safavids Empire (Lost power as expanded/lost battles)
5)Labor Systems were transformed
•Atlantic slave trade
•Serfdom(In Ottoman Empire)
6)"Gunpowder Empires" emerged in Asia
•Ottoman empire
•Safavids Empire
•Mughal Empire
I thought the website was SWEET:) - haha
-Peace & Love man
-Arnulfo Rocha:)
1.) The Globe was encompassed.
>Ferdinand Magellan almost voyaged around the world between 1519 & 1522.
>Columbus "founded" the Americas.
2.)Sea-Based trade rose in proportion to land-based trade.
>The trade routes that appeared during this era in the Atlantic Ocean were known as the Great Circuit.
>New Technologies & European control meant that more trade was conducted by water & land-based trade decreased.
3.)European kingdoms emerged that gained world power.
>The Russian empire had expanded all the way from its origins eurasia east to the pacific coast.
>The Europeans benefited more from the gunpowder revolutionthan the Muslim empires.
4.)The relative power of nomadic groups declined.
>An important consequence of the appearance of the Gunpowder empires was their conquest of most nomadic groups.
>In many areas direct relations among states or merchant groups replaced nomadic intermediaries for international contact.
5.)Labor systems were transformed.
>The Inca had made extensive use of the mita system, a sort of labor tax to suppose elites & the elderly.
>The encomienda system was used primarily for agricultural work.
6.)"Gunpowder empires" emerged in the middle east & asia.
>The Ottomans & Safavid in Southwest Asia.
>Mughals in India.
>Ming & Qing in China.
1)The globe was encompassed by Magellan and Zheng He.
2)Sea-based trade rose in proportion to land-based trade: Europe's trade posts in Venice and Genoa made their fortunes through sea trade. Prince Henry the Navigator increased sea travel which lead to the increase of European power.
3)European kingdoms emerged that gained world power: Spanish because of the Treaty of Tordesillas. The Russians as well, for they used European ways to improve their way of rule.
4)The relative power of nomadic groups declined:Nomadic groups did not have guns so they were easily conquered by the Gunpowder Empires. Also, state, merchant groups and people the Gunpowder Empires invited to their empire, replace nomadic intermediaries for international contact.
5)Labor systems were transformed:The mita and the encomienda were used at first in the Americas but these labor systems did not last long because of the slaves dying off. So instead, the Europeans used African slaves who lasted longer and were abundant in the Atlantic Slave Trade.
"Gunpowder Empires" emerged in the Middle East and Asia: Gunpowder Empires include the Ottoman, Safavids, and the Mughal.
*6)"Gunpowder Empires" emerged in the Middle East and Asia: Gunpowder Empires include the Ottoman, Safavids, and the Mughal.
I think that this website is a great summary of all the things that we have learned, it really refreshed my mind and is very helpful for me to prep for the test!
-Perlita ^o^
-- The site helped a lot and was pretty clear and more to-the-point than the book. I learned and remembered some of the topics the site talked about. It will be a very helpful aide, among all your other sites, when I study for the next test.
1. The globe was encompassed.
•Columbus, Cortes, and many other Europeans explored the Americas.
•Zheng He the eunuch, from the 15th century, lead 7 trips with his Chinese ships out across the Indian Sea ! (:
2. Sea-based trade rose in proportion to land-based trade.
•The Columbian Exchange formed. Allowing goods & slaves to flow through the Americas, Europe, and Africa.
• The Transatlantic Slave Trade also transported slaves, usually from Africa, to the Americas.
3. European kingdoms emerged that gained world power:
•Spain gained power by it's explorers who explored the New World and claimed land there.
•Portugual gained power because of Henry the Navigator.
4. The relative power of nomadic groups declined.
• The Ottoman Empire.
• The Mongols.
5. Labor systems were transformed.
• Encomienda. It made the natives work on plantations but when the natives died out, it was no longer used.
• The Serfdom in Russia changed & got tougher on the serfs.
6. "Gunpowder Empires" emerged in the Middle East & Asia.
• The Ottoman Empire.
• The Safavids.
• The Mughals.
• The Russians.
• The Ming Empire.
→ The Russians and the Mings may not be actual Gunpowder Empires, but they acted a lot like the other Gunpowder Empires.
Well in 1522 Magellan died, but his ships and crew manage to sail around the world, the first to do this. Henry the Navigator(1394-1460)promoted the study of navigation. Russia with Ivan The Terrible, Peter the Great and Cathrine the Great. The vikings were nomadic as were the Mongols. There were Janessaries in the Ottaman Empire and serfs in Russia. Ottaman,Safavid,Mughal empires were consider the 3 Gunpowder Empires.But Russia being in the fourth was very close to joining the ranks of those three gunpowder empires.
- Estela
1)The Voyages of Magellan in 1522, and the voyages of Columbus in 1492.
2)Zenghe sailed and traded in the 15th century, and Cortes defeated the Aztecs in 1519, carving the way for future sea-trade.
3)Russian Empire grows from destruction of Keiv in 1500s, England gains power, American colonies, and Asian trade in 17th century.
4)Safavid Empire collapses due to inability to maintain control in 1750 and up, Ottoman Empire overthrown by Janissaries in 18th century.
5)Peter the Great legalizes serfdom, turning 80% of population into slaves in 1600s,Caribbean slave trade really starts coming into its own in 1650 and up.
6)Ming Empire uses Gunpowder Empire Military tactics to rule with a strong presence in 17th century, Tokugawa Japan uses same type of tactics and military society to rule with an iron fist.
1)Magellan sails around the world in 1522. Columbus's voyages give him the credit of saying he discovered america in 1492.
2)Zhenghe sails in the 15th century. Atlantic slave trade and the Columbian exchange were both major sea trades.
3)Spaniards expanded their empires to the Americas. Portugal also financed many sea travels.
4)Two major nomadic groups declined in power, the mongols and ottomans.
5)Serfdom arose in russia, and slavery became very popular in Africa and the Americas.
6)Three major gun powder empires emerge in the middle east/Asia
*Mughals
*Ottomans
*Saffavids
I thought this website was very useful because it is a detailed summary about the entire unit. it is especially easier to read than our regular book. :)
1)The globe was encompassed:
Ferdinan Magellen and Christopher Columbus.
2)Sea based trade rose in proportion to land based trade:
Henry the Navigator and the Atlantic Slave Trade.
3)European kingdoms emerged that gained world power:
Russia and England.
4)The relative power of nomadic groups decline:
Mongols and Safavids.
5)Labor system were transformed:
Russian serfdom and Ottomans janissaries.
6)"Gunpowder Empires" emerged in the Middle East and Asia:
Russia and Ottoman
1.The globe was encompassed.
a.Columbus’ voyage in 1492 to the Americas
b.The voyage of Ferdinand Magellan
2.Sea-based trade rose in proportion to land-based trade.
a.Columbian Exchange
b.Indian Ocean trade routes (Zenghe)
3.European kingdoms emerged that gained world power.
a.Portugal sponsored sea travel and claimed Brazil
b.Spain claims lands in the New World and enforces its economy with silver from the Americas
4.The relative power or nomadic groups declined.
a.Mongol control declines and the empire shrinks
b.Ottoman empire shrinks with time
5.Labor systems were transformed.
a.Trans-atlantic slave trade brought African slaves to the Americas
b.Encomienda system in the Americas, mainly for agricultural labor.
6.“Gunpowder Empires” emerged in the Middle East and Asia
a.Mughal
b.Safavid
c.Ming
d.Russia
e.Ottoman
I enjoyed looking through the website because it made me realize that I actually knew a lot of the stuff from this unit, or at least recognized a lot of it. It helped refresh my mind on a lot of topics, too.
1: The globe was encompassed
a. 1519-1522 Ferdinand Magellan set out on an expedition to circle the globe and although he didnt make it back part of his crew did
b. Prince Henry the Navigator started a school of navigation
2: Sea-based trade rose in proportion to land-based trade
a. the Columbian Exchange
b. Indian ocean trade route
3: European kingdoms emerged that gained world power:
a. Spain's control over the Americas
b. The desier of Russia to be more westernize
4: The relative power of nomadic groups declined:
a. Ottomans became sedentary
b. Nomadic groops were kept out by large land-based empires
5: Labor systems were transformed:
a.Russia turns peasnts into slaves
b.Atlantic slave trade
6: "Gunpowder Empires" emerged in the Middle East and Asia
a.Ottomans,Mughal, and Safavids
b.Russia
-Leticia O:)
1. Ferdinand Magellan circumnavigated the world.
European colonies were set up all over the new world.
2. The Great Circuit trade between Africa, Europe, and America across the atlantic
Venice and Genoa, port cities ruling sea based trade
3. Spain, England, and France all colonized other continents
Peter the Great expanded Russia and tried to make it more European
4. Mongols and Ottomans both starting out nomadic, but settled and expanded.
5. The practice of serfdom in Russia, and slavery in America.
6.Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals. All Multi-cultural, multi-ethnic, and land based. Russia could also be counted
1450 - 1750
1) The globe was encompassed:
Columbian Exchange (Columbus).
Ferdinand Magellan (1519 - 1522) from Europe to southern tip of South America & across Pacific Ocean.
2) Sea-based trade rose in proportion to land based trade:
In contrast to the sea-based empires in Europe, land-based empires remained a dominant political form in other parts of the eastern hemisphere.
Great Circuit known as the Columbian Exchange.
3) European kingdoms emerged that gained world power:
Before Peter’s rule, Russians had had almost no contact with Europe.
The English principle of the limited monarchy allowed some independence for colonial government.
4) The relative power of nomadic groups declined:
Since the nomads had less access to guns, the empires were finally able to conquer & subjugate them.
In many areas direct relations among states or merchant groups replaced nomadic intermediaries for international contact.
5) Labor systems were transformed:
AST (Atlantic Slave Trade).
Encomienda system in America for agricultural labor.
Serfdom in Russia which later on got more cruel & became slavery.
6) “Gunpowder Empires” emerged in the Middle East & Asia:
Ottomans & Safavids in Southern Asia
Mughals in India
Ming & Qing in China
Russian Empire (…in Russia)
- Andrea Rocha
1. Magellan traveled the world from 1519-1522 and coulombs travelled from Spain to the Americas
2. The indian ocean maritime system arose and new ship technology was creating increasing sea trade
3. Spain had newfound wealth in the 16th century and Portugal began exploring the world
4. The Mughal and ottoman empires rose hardened on the nomadic groups and a rise in seatrade caused decline
5. Atlantic slave trade emerged and serfdom in Russia arose
6. The ottoman empire arose 1299-1923 and the ming and qing were chinese gunpowder empires
1. The globe was encompassed: Columbus, Ferdinand, Magallen travelled the world (discovering America.
2.Sea-based trade rose in proportion to land-based trade: Indain Ocean Maritime System, mass amounts of silver coming from New World.
3.Europeans kingdoms emerged that gained world power: Spain, wealth from silver and colonies in the Americas, Portugese dominated Indian Ocean Trade.
4. The relative power of nomadic groups declined: Gunpowder empires (Ottomans, Safavids, Mughals) conquered nomadic groups, Sea trade caused land-based trade to lose production.
5. Labor systems were transformed: The Atlantic slave trade, serfdom.
6. Gunpowder empires emerged in Middle East and Asia: Mughal Empire, Ottomans.
The website was useful in the sence that it contained all the information directly for this unit. The hard part was finding it all.
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